Installing a skylight can transform any room by flooding it with natural light, enhancing both the aesthetics and functionality of your space. Whether you’re looking to brighten a dim hallway, add a touch of elegance to your living area, or simply improve the ventilation in your home, a skylight can be the perfect solution.
In this article I will walk you through the essential steps and considerations for installing a skylight, ensuring you achieve a professional finish while maximizing the benefits of this stunning architectural feature. From selecting the right type of skylight to understanding the intricacies of roof modifications, we’ve got you covered. Let’s illuminate your home, one step at a time.
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Installing Skylight in Shingle Roof
Installing Skylight in Metal Roof
Can I Install a Skylight Myself?
Can You Add Skylights to an Existing Roof?
What to Look for When Buying a Skylight
Installing a skylight on a metal roof differs slightly from a shingle roof due to the material’s composition. Here’s a breakdown for each:
How to Install a Skylight – Shingle and Metal Roof
Shingle Roof:
Deck-Mounted Skylight… This is the most common option for shingle roofs. The skylight sits flush with the roof deck. Installation involves cutting a hole in the shingles, installing flashing around the opening, positioning the skylight, and finally resealing the area with shingles.
Metal Roof:
Curb-Mounted Skylight… Metal roofs require a curb-mounted skylight, which sits on a raised platform constructed on the roof deck. This method offers better drainage and avoids compromising the metal panels.
Here’s a general process:
– Build a curb using treated lumber on the roof deck, ensuring proper height based on the skylight model.
– Install flashing around the curb, often using metal sheets compatible with your existing roof material.
– Position the skylight on the curb and secure it following the manufacturer’s instructions.
General Points for Both:
Flashing is Crucial… Proper flashing installation is critical for both shingle and metal roofs to prevent leaks. Consider using pre-made flashing kits designed for your specific skylight model and roof material for optimal results.
Safety First… Working on your roof can be dangerous. Ensure you have proper safety gear like harnesses and fall protection when working at heights.
Professional Help… While the general steps are provided, cutting into your roof and ensuring a watertight seal requires skill. If you’re unsure about your DIY abilities, consult a professional roofer specializing in skylight installation.
Installing Skylight in Shingle Roof
Installing a skylight in a shingle roof requires careful attention to detail to prevent leaks and ensure a secure fit. Here’s a breakdown of the steps involved, but remember, this is a complex task. If you’re not comfortable working at heights or with roofing projects, it’s best to hire a professional roofer.
Choose the Right Skylight:
– Select a skylight designed for shingle roofs with a compatible pitch (flat vs. steep slope).
– Consider factors like ventilation options (operable vs. fixed) and desired light control (dimming or blackout features).
Planning and Permits:
– Research local building codes to ensure your skylight placement and size comply with regulations.
– Obtain any necessary permits from your local building department before starting the installation.
Gather Tools and Materials:
– Safety Gear: Fall protection harness, work gloves, safety glasses
– Tools: Power saw (circular saw or reciprocating saw), roofing hammer, utility knife, drill
– Materials: Skylight (including flashing kit), shingles (enough to replace the cut section and for repairs), underlayment (waterproof membrane), roofing nails, roofing cement, sealant, tape measure, level
Here’s a Video That Will Be Helpful
Installation:
Part 1: Creating the Rough Opening
– Measure and Mark: Following the skylight’s template or instructions, mark the cutting lines on the roof deck and shingles for the rough opening. Ensure these lines are plumb and level.
– Cut the Shingles: Carefully cut away the shingles within the marked area using a utility knife.
– Cut the Sheathing: Using a power saw, cut through the plywood roof sheathing along the marked lines. Maintain a clean, straight cut for proper flashing installation.
Part 2: Installing Flashing
– Flashing is crucial to prevent water leaks around the skylight.
– Install Underlayment: Apply a new layer of waterproof underlayment over the exposed roof deck around the opening, extending at least 6 inches beyond the edges. Secure it with roofing nails or staples.
– Base Flashing: Install the base flashing (typically included in the skylight kit) over the underlayment. It should fold up the vertical walls of the opening and extend out over the shingles.
– Step Flashing: Install step flashing pieces (overlapping pieces) along the lower edge of the opening, folding them up the vertical walls and extending out over the base flashing and under the shingles.
– Side Flashing: Install side flashing pieces along the vertical sides of the opening, folding them over the step flashing and under the shingles.
– Valley Flashing (if applicable): If your skylight is installed in a valley, you’ll need additional valley flashing to channel water away from the skylight. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for proper installation.
– Seal All Seams: Use roofing sealant or waterproof tape to seal any seams or overlaps between flashing pieces for a watertight fit.
Part 3: Skylight Placement
– Carefully Lift: With a helper, carefully lift the skylight and position it into the rough opening. Ensure it sits plumb and level.
– Secure the Skylight: Following the manufacturer’s instructions, secure the skylight to the roof rafters using brackets or screws provided with the skylight kit.
Part 4: Sealing and Shingling
– Apply Sealant: Apply a generous bead of roofing cement around the top edge of the curb (the vertical part of the skylight opening) where it meets the roof deck.
– Re-shingle the Opening: Carefully reinstall the cut shingles around the skylight curb, ensuring they overlap the flashing and extend past the sealant line. Secure them with roofing nails.
– Fill Gaps: Use roofing cement to fill any gaps between the shingles and the skylight curb for a watertight seal.
Additional Tips:
– Work on a dry day: Avoid installing the skylight in wet or windy conditions.
– Ventilation: Ensure proper ventilation around the skylight to prevent moisture buildup and condensation. Follow the manufacturer’s recommendations for ventilation options.
Installing Skylight in Metal Roof
Installing a skylight on a metal roof differs from shingles due to the metal’s composition and water drainage needs. Here’s a detailed breakdown for metal roofs, but again, it’s recommended for experienced DIYers due to working at heights and the importance of proper waterproofing.
Preparation:
– Choose a Curb-Mounted Skylight: Metal roofs require a skylight with a curb, a raised platform that sits on the roof deck. This allows for better drainage and avoids compromising the metal panels.
– Planning and Permits: Similar to shingle roofs, research local building codes and obtain any necessary permits before starting the installation.
Gather Tools and Materials:
– Safety Gear: Fall protection harness, work gloves, safety glasses
– Tools: Power drill, drill bits, jigsaw or metal shears, caulking gun
– Materials: Curb-mounted skylight (including flashing kit), treated lumber (for curb construction – size depends on skylight model), self-drilling screws, metal flashing (compatible with your roof material), sealant, butyl tape (optional)
Installation:
Part 1: Building the Curb
– Measure and Cut Lumber: Following the skylight’s instructions, measure and cut the treated lumber to create the curb frame. Ensure the height of the curb is compatible with the skylight model.
– Assemble the Curb: Assemble the lumber pieces on the roof deck to form the curb frame. Secure the corners with appropriate fasteners like hurricane ties for added strength.
Part 2: Installing Flashing
– Curb Flashing: Install the base flashing (typically included in the skylight kit) over the curb, ensuring it folds up the vertical walls and extends out over the metal roof panels.
– Metal Sheet Flashing: Cut sheet metal flashing (compatible with your roof material) to fit around the curb and skylight opening. You’ll likely need several pieces to form the complete flashing.
– Side Flashing: Install side flashing pieces along the vertical sides of the curb, folding them over the curb flashing and extending under the existing metal roof panels.
– End Flashing: Install end flashing pieces along the top and bottom ends of the curb, folding them under the side flashing pieces and extending over the existing metal roof panels.
– Overlapping and Sealing: Ensure all flashing pieces overlap properly (typically a minimum of 6 inches) and use sealant to create a watertight seal at all seams and overlaps.
Part 3: Skylight Placement
– Apply Butyl Tape (Optional): For an extra layer of waterproofing, apply a continuous bead of butyl tape around the top edge of the curb where the skylight will sit.
– Carefully Lift and Position: With a helper, carefully lift the skylight and position it onto the curb. Ensure proper alignment and level placement.
– Secure the Skylight: Following the manufacturer’s instructions, securely fasten the skylight to the curb using self-drilling screws provided with the skylight kit.
Part 4: Sealing and Finishing Touches
– Sealant Around Skylight: Apply a generous bead of sealant around the perimeter of the skylight where it meets the curb.
– Metal Roof Panel Overlaps: Carefully cut and reinstall the existing metal roof panels around the skylight curb, ensuring they overlap the flashing and extend past the sealant line. Secure them with appropriate roofing fasteners.
– Fill Gaps and Seal: Use sealant to fill any gaps between the reinstalled metal roof panels and the curb for a complete watertight seal.
Additional Tips:
– Work on a dry day: Avoid installing the skylight in wet or windy conditions.
– Ventilation: Ensure proper ventilation around the skylight to prevent moisture buildup and condensation. Follow the manufacturer’s recommendations for ventilation options.
Here’s a Video Installing a Skylight Into a Metal Roof
Can I Install a Skylight Myself?
Installing a skylight yourself depends on your DIY experience and comfort level working at heights. Here’s a breakdown to help you decide:
You can likely install a skylight yourself if:
– You’re an experienced DIYer comfortable with roofing projects.
– You have the necessary tools and safety gear (fall protection harness, roofing tools).
– You’re installing on a simple roof type (shingle roof) and a compatible skylight model.
– You’re meticulous and can follow detailed instructions for proper flashing installation, which is crucial to prevent leaks.
It’s best to hire a professional roofer if:
– You’re unsure about your DIY skills or have limited experience with roofing projects.
– You’re uncomfortable working at heights.
– Your roof has a complex design or metal roofing material.
– You’re installing a large or complex skylight model.
Here are some additional factors to consider:
Local Building Codes… Always check your local building code requirements for skylight installation. You might need a permit.
Project Complexity… Shingle roofs are generally easier for DIY skylight installation compared to metal roofs.
Your Time and Patience… Installing a skylight can be time-consuming and requires meticulous attention to detail.
Ultimately, the decision depends on your comfort level and skills. If you’re unsure, err on the side of caution and hire a professional roofer to ensure a safe and secure installation.
Can You Add Skylights to an Existing Roof?
Yes, you can add skylights to an existing roof, but it’s important to consider a few things before you get started:
Roof Suitability… Not all roofs are ideal for skylights. Flat roofs or roofs with very low slopes might not be suitable due to drainage concerns.
Structural Integrity… Adding a skylight requires cutting into your roof deck and rafters. The roof needs to be structurally sound to support the additional weight and potential modifications.
Local Building Codes… Always check with your local building department to see if there are any regulations or permits required for skylight installation.
Here’s a breakdown of the feasibility for different roof types:
Shingle Roof… Generally, the easiest option for adding skylights due to the flexibility of working with shingles.
Metal Roof… Requires a curb-mounted skylight and more complex flashing techniques to integrate with the metal panels.
Tile Roof… Possible but can be tricky. Requires careful removal and resetting of tiles around the skylight.
Flat Roof… Less recommended due to drainage concerns. Consult a professional roofer for specific recommendations.
Additional factors to consider:
Project Complexity… If your roof has complex features like multiple slopes or valleys, adding a skylight might be more challenging.
Location of Skylight… Think about the placement for optimal light and avoiding obstructions like roof trusses.
Is it DIY friendly?
Installing a skylight can be a DIY project, but it’s recommended for experienced do-it-yourselvers comfortable working at heights and with roofing tasks. Proper flashing installation is crucial to prevent leaks, so meticulous attention to detail is important.
Safety First: If you’re unsure about your skills or uncomfortable working on your roof, hiring a professional roofer experienced in skylight installations is always the safest option. They can assess your roof’s suitability, ensure proper installation, and provide valuable advice on skylight selection and placement.
Types of Skylights
Skylights come in various shapes, sizes, and functionalities to suit different needs and aesthetics.
Here’s a breakdown of the main types of skylights:
By Opening Mechanism:
Fixed Skylights… The most common type. They offer natural light but cannot be opened for ventilation. They come in various shapes like flat, domed, or pyramid.
Vented Skylights… Hinge-operated or electronically controlled to allow airflow and ventilation. Ideal for bathrooms, kitchens, or areas prone to moisture buildup.
By Material:
Glass Skylights… Offer the clearest view and the most natural light but can be heavier and more expensive. Consider tempered or laminated glass for safety.
Plastic Skylights… A lighter and more affordable option but may not be as clear or durable as glass. Polycarbonate is a common plastic choice known for its impact resistance.
By Shape:
Fixed or Vented Flat Skylights… Rectangular or square for a modern look and easy integration into flat or low-sloped roofs.
Fixed or Vented Dome Skylights… Bubble-shaped for a unique aesthetic, often made of acrylic and ideal for bringing in natural light.
Fixed or Vented Pyramid Skylights… Offer a more spacious feel and allow for better ventilation due to their angled sides.
Other Skylight Options:
Sun Tunnels… Also called tubular skylights, they use reflective tubes to transfer daylight from the roof to a diffuser panel inside your home. Ideal for bringing light to windowless areas.
Skylight Blinds… Manual or motorized blinds integrated with the skylight for light control and privacy.
Custom Skylights… Designed to fit unique roof shapes or size requirements. More complex and typically more expensive.
Choosing the Right Skylight
Here are some factors to consider when selecting a skylight:
Your Needs… Consider if you prioritize natural light, ventilation, or both.
Roof Type… Match the skylight type (fixed vs. curb-mounted) to your roof shingle or metal composition.
Local Climate… Think about heat gain or loss depending on your climate and choose glass with appropriate coatings if needed.
Aesthetics and Design… Consider the desired shape, size, and material to complement your home’s style.
By understanding the different types of skylights and considering these factors, you can choose the best option to brighten your home with beautiful natural light and potentially improve ventilation.
Where to Install a Skylight
Ideally, skylights should be installed in locations that maximize natural light and minimize heat gain during summer.
Here are some factors to consider:
South-facing roof… This allows for the most natural light throughout the day.
Roof pitch… For low-sloped roofs (below 3:12 pitch), curb-mounted skylights are recommended. Deck-mounted skylights are better for steeper pitches.
Shading… Avoid locations with too much shade from trees or nearby structures.
Interior layout… Consider where the natural light will be most beneficial in your living space.
It’s always best to consult with a professional roofer to determine the optimal placement for your specific roof and climate.
What to Look for When Buying a Skylight
Size and Shape
– The size of the skylight will determine how much natural light enters the room. A general rule of thumb is that the skylight should be roughly 5% of the floor space in rooms with a lot of windows already and 15% of the floor space in rooms with few or no windows.
– The shape of the skylight will also affect the amount of light that is delivered. Skylights come in a variety of shapes, including fixed, vented, flat, curb mounted, and deck mounted.
– Curb mounted skylights are a good choice for flat roofs, while deck mounted skylights are a better option for pitched roofs.
Material
– Skylights are typically made from glass or plastic. Glass skylights are more durable and scratch-resistant than plastic skylights, but they are also more expensive. Plastic skylights are a good option for budget-minded homeowners, but they may not last as long as glass skylights.
Glazing
– The glazing of the skylight is the material that covers the opening. Skylights can be single, double, or triple-glazed. Triple-glazed skylights are the most energy-efficient, but they are also the most expensive.
– You can also get skylights with a variety of coatings, such as low-e coatings that help to reflect heat and UV rays.
Ventilation
– Some skylights are vented, which means that they can be opened to allow fresh air into the room. Vented skylights are a good option for rooms that tend to get stuffy.
Installation
– Skylights can be installed by a professional or by a do-it-yourself homeowner. If you are not comfortable installing a skylight yourself, it is best to hire a professional.
Local Codes
– Before you install a skylight, be sure to check your local building codes to make sure that you are installing the skylight in accordance with the code.
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